Highway crossing signal



- Sept 2, 3941 R. L. cooPR a-rAL' 2,254,774

I HIGHWAY CROSSING SIGNAL 4 sheets-sheet 1 l Filed May 20, 41939 Sept 2,' 1941 R. L. COOPER TAL y t 2,254,774 HIGHWAY CROSSING SIGNAL Filed May 20, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept, 2, 1941. R. L. COOPER E-r A4.

HIGHWAY CROSSING SIGNAL Filed May 20, 1939 Sheets-Sheet 3 Sept 2, 194i.' R. L; COOPER mL; 2,254,774

HIGHWAY CROSSING SIGNAL Filed May 2o, 1939 4 sheets-snee# 4 F/ W .05 5 l O ,96 F763 /J pm/0 /N p [f0.5: /af

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l if Z /a I n f JWM/T9154 @gew-goffo /67 We/7F54 Patented Sept. 2, 1941 HIGHWAY CROSSING.;SIGNA1.

Robert L. Cooper, Arlington, .Tenn;, and Victor Reed Thompson, Olive Branch, Miss.

Application May zo, 1939, seriarnazmgzs e 1o claims. (01.' 11esar This invention relates to crossing signals, and

has particular relation to signals for indicating to drivers of vehicles which are nearing a highway on a cross road, that a vehicle on the highway is approaching the intersecting crossroad,

or that a train is similarly approaching the cross *e road.

It particularly relates to a device of this kind in which approaching-vehicles, through hydraulic means, operate a semaphore or armrat the` intersecting road and in whichv this operation is controlled fro-m a point at suchY distance from the cross road that vehicles already having started across the highway or track willv have time to clear before the signal-giving vehicle reaches the road intersection, and in which the signal is maintained for apredetermined period. and then cancelled in order that the signal-givingvehicle, after having entered the block may itself clear the road crossing before the signal is discontinued.

Devices of'this kind embodying some of these features have heretofore been known, but there are many problems in connection therewith which are far from having been solved. In the case of trains, each individual car truck in-suc-l cession ordinarily'operates the signal device. In the case of automobile travel on highwayseach automobile similarly will operate the signal; and

in both cases, but particularlyV on highways where y the operating mechanism mustV be substantially liush with the road surface, freezing upof the apparatus is a very present source of trouble. In highway work alsoprovision must-not only be made that approaching vehicles operate the signal but also that receding vehicles dovnot operate the device, it being unfortunatelyA impossible in highway travel to insure that vehicles will stay on their own side of the road.

Since the problems to beV met inhighway operation are inclusive of those to be met in rail operation the present drawingsr and'description are conned to highway operation, it being' however understood-that itis intended that the term vehicle shall include4 railwayengines andcars and that the term roadway,`where theicontext will allowgwill include the rails and--other-appur-l tenances'of a railroad track.

The objects of V'the present invention are:

To provide a signal device'which is responsive tothe actuation by thepassage of a single vehicle, and which Yafter so responding willremain in indicating position for a predetermined length of time.

' spense to anfinitial actuation, will'not further respond, to additional, actuation, but in which Vsuch additional,actuationwill successively be effective to' extend the` release period'tofsuch pre.- determined length after the actuation by the last vehicle of such series.

To provide means for preventing or at least minimizing the effect of freezing on the actuating device.

To provide means for preventing operation of the. actuation device by vehicles moving away from the intersecting highway.

The means byv which the foregoing and other objects' are accomplished and the manner of their accomplishment will readilybe understood fro-rn the following specication on reference to the accompanying. drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a highway with an intersectingr'oad;showing a semaphore signal in operation rat such intersecting road and the positions of the actuating mechanisms in relation to the highway in which they are placed.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the actuating mechanism.. taken on either of the lines II-II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevationft'aken on either of the linesfIlI-#III of Fig. 1. 1

Fig. 4 isa sectional plan taken on theV line IV--IV of Figs. 2 and.3.

Fig. 5` isa sectional elevation taken on the line V-V of Fig. 4. i

Fig.` 6` is a sectional elevation of the upper portion of the semaphore post and theoperating cylinder assembly takenon the center line; and

, of the arm. moved thereby, taken on the line VI--VI of Fig. 8.

.gio

To providea signallingl device which, afterire- Fig. 7 yis a fragmentary sectional elevation on the line VII-v-VII of Fig. 8, showing the latch locking the semaphoreV in signalling position.

Fig. 8 is asectional elevation taken on the line vinvm of Fig. 6. Y

Fig. 9 is a section-taken'on Fig. 6; and y Fig. 10 a fragmentary sectional elevation taken the une IX-IX of -A on thelineX-X of Figf..v

Referring now to thedrawings in which the various partsV are indicated by numerals:

Illfis a main highway which is intersected by a cross road ll on which'minor travel occurs andon which travel must give way to that on the vI2 is a post carrying a semaphore I3, here shown as moved to stop-position. I4 are actuating mechanisms disposed in the highwayfatsubstantially equal distances from the cross-roads, thesemechanisms being of substanerating mechanisms I4 with the mechanism car-JV ried by the semaphore post I2. Each of the op,

erating mechanisms I4 sentially includes a rec` tangular casing having a bottom 20, ends 2 I, and' sides 22. 22 are outwardly iianged and thencehave an upwardly continuing portion 23, the top of which is set flush with the surface of the pavement 24." These outwardly and upwardly extending portions of the casing form a protected shoulder extending peripherally around the casing, which' shoulder carries a co-extensive cushion 25 substantially rectangular in cross section and of soft rubber.

26 is a rectangular top for the casing. This cover rests on and is depressably supported by the cushions 25, the top being of suchylength and width that it will lie entirely within the surrounding, upstanding edge 23 ofthe casingand under no circumstances be supported thereby. Extending downward from the top 26 are ends 21 and sides 28 which are preferably generously spaced inward fromA the ends 2I and sides 22 respectively to leave a clear passageway for water that may enter thecasing. Both the end and side portions thus downwardly extending are provided with suitably journalled rollers or wheels 29 which project through the said end vand side portions into positioning and guiding contact with the end and side walls 2I and 22 of the casing.

The underside of the top 26 is preferably sealed to the cushions 25 on which the top rests and the undeside of these cushions are likewise sealed` to the surrounding end walls and to the4 shoulders on which the cushion rests. VThe cushion itself is preferably a continuous gasket and if not so continuous, is made as nearly water-tight at the corners of the casing as is possible, the purf pose and intent of the construction thus described' being to prevent, as far as possible', entranceof water into the casing. Should water enter, howeverjthe generous space provided between the downwardly projecting ends and sides 21 and 28 of the top and the side walls of the casing gives ample chance for the water to pass down without freezing the movingparts to the casing walls. The wheels 29 offer relatively very small areas which even though they should freeze, are readily broken loose by the impact ofA the'vehicle passing over the top of the casing.

Disposed within each of the casings I4 are a pair of cylinders 35, these cylinders being'positioned respectively adjacent the opposite ends of the casing. Disposed within the cylinders are plungers 36, the upper portion 39 of these plungers being of reduced diameter to form shoulders 40, these upper portions extending upward to solidy underlie the casing top 26. The plungers 36 are resiliently supported by springs 4I.` 42 are annular rings which surround the reduced portion 39 of the plungers, these rings being held down Aby bolts` or cap screws 43 to limit'the upward movement of the plungers under the action of the springs 4I, and to thereby establish the capacity of the cylinders.

44 are discharge pipes which lead from these cylinders to connections with the pipe lines I6. These discharge pipes 44, most clearly seen in Fig. 4, lead through check valves 45 and pipes 46 and 41, the pipe 4l being a joint pipe for both cylinders, to a shock absorber 48 and through this absorber to the pipe line I5 which extends along the highway to the signal post l2. The shock absorber 48 preferably comprises an up- Vright cylinder 49 having a closed top 50 in which At the top the ends 2| and the sides ofthe bell crank lever 65.

cylinder there is mounted a plunger or piston 5I which is held down by a compression spring 52. The cylinder has a base 53 which is secured to the barrel. portion thereof as by lugs 54 and bolts 55, which base forms a bottom head `for the cylinder. The pipes 4'1 and I6 are connected into opposite sides of the cylinder below the piston 5I and above the base 53, any sudden influx of liquid into theabsorber throughA the pipe 41 displacing the piston, and the flow of this liquid from the absorber being ysubsequently accomplished by the pressure of the spring 52.

The pipes`44 are by-passed around the check valves 45, and needle valves 56 are provided in these by-passes, these needle valves being adjustable to regulate :dow therethrough and being introduced for the purpose of allowing slow return 110W throughthev pipes I6 from the signal mechanisin, as willl be hereinafter described.

The lockingr mechanism I5, associated with the actuating mechanism I4, comprises an adjacent rectangular 'housing essentially similar to the casing of the operating mechanism but ordinarily much smaller, this housing having a bottom 6U, end Walls 6I, and side walls 62, which endand side walls are outwardly stepped, as in the previous instance, to carry rectangular cushion strips 63 of soft rubber, which strips depressably support a plate 64 forming the top of thehousing. Disposed within the housing, adjacent its opposite ends, are bell crank levers 65, having each a substantially horizontal and a substantially vertical leg, the horizontal leg being uppermost; The bell crank levers are hingedly carried by brackets 66 and hinge pins 61, the brackets being integral with one of the'side walls 62 ofthe housing. 66vare compression springs which underlie and support the horizontal legs The vertical legs of the bell crank levers contact horizontally shiftable members 69, which members have upstanding stop portions 'I0 adapted to be shifted beneath the sides 28, which depend from the casing 'top 26, and which members, when so shifted,

prevent the depression of these sides and through them of the casing top. 1I is a compression spring adapted to return the member 65 into initial position. I2 are bosses on the underside of the plate 64, and 'I3 adjustable studs extending therefrom into contact with the horizontal legs Vof`the bell crank levers 65.

Itwill' be noted that the platel 64 is substantia1ly`flush` with the top of theV housing and of the road surfacewhereas the top 26 of the casing is thereabove andabove the road surface, so that a wheel having depressed the plate 64 oontacts and depresses the top 26 before its weight is removed from` the plate.

wSWith particular reference to Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, the semaphore post I2 supports a cylinder 60into the bottom of which the pipes I6 enter. Mounted in the cylinder is a piston 8I having anV upwardlyextending piston rod 82 which preferably is square .so that it .can :not

turn. Disposed above the cylinder Sli `is anc-ver- .seat 85 by a lcompression spring 8l. 'The valve =8S has a stem`88 which .extends above the `bottom of thecylinder when the valve is `held seated by the spring -8'I,'this stem being adapted t0 be contacted Yby the piston on its descent and Ato force the valve open.

89 isa chamber enclosing the valve 36 and spring v8'I. 90 is 4a pipe leading from the tank y83 through a check valve 9I into the vchamber 83, this connection insuring, through the open valve 86, that any deciency iof operating liquid beneath the piston BI in the cylinder 89 will be replenished at the completion of each opera-tion v of the semaphore.

The semaphore I3- preferably comprises two spaced plates, both of Awhich are designated by the numeral -I3 in Figs. 8 and 9, and which are oscillatably .mounted Yon a lpin 95. The Apin 95 is supported by a pair of brackets 95 whichare suitably carried by the upper end of the semaphore post I2. Disposed between the two plates I3, are a pair of spaced 'arms -91 which are likewise pivotally .mounted on the pin '95.

to connecting cross bars 98 and 33, the bar '38 serving as a Vsupport .for'the upper end cfa tension spring IGI).

The spaced plates I3 of the semaphore arm are also connected by transverse Vbars II, '192, which bars vare secured Athereto as by welding. The bar IIiI is positioned to underlie the bar 98, and the lower yend -of rthe spring |90 secured thereto. lH13 are detents carried as by spring arms '|534 secured .to vthe plates I3.V These detents project through-openings M15 inthe ,plates i3 and are adapted to engage-depressions |36 in the -arms 9'I when vthesemaphore plates respond tothe pull of the spring IBG. Y

The arms .9-1 carryV a second .pin III) on which is pivotally mounted a-latch IIs-I. The latch IH has an Yextending tongue lI-I2 which is relatively of reduced thickness andadapted to lslide 'in a complementary yslot VIIS in the piston rod B2. .The latch `has rounded end portions vI I-i on the laterally opposite sides of the tongue H2, and has studs I-.IE which further laterally extend the rounded-end portions. VAdj acent'theirfouter-ends these studsare.annularly/grooved to receive Ythe ends `of tension springs IIS, hereinafter 'described. v

The tongue .I,I2 projects longitudinally beyond the rounded ends-of the latch,y and laterally from such end `is vadditionally vprovided with an arcuate seat Il'I which is .adapted forengagementby a ball or roller I 5.8. '-Ihe restricted width'of .the slot H3 terminates lwell short'of the end ofthe piston rod `(Fig. 10) andthereaboveris continued as an enlarged slot or race I I3-A, in which the y .roller M8 Yis `conned 'but -freeto" move along the rod, the junction of the-'enlarged and smaller slot portions forming -a "seat for "the roller.

The brackets'96 'are provided with'arcuate seats .1I- whichf'are adaptedfto be fengagedbythe out- At their outer ends -the -arms 9'I1are secured as by welding 'discharge capacity of each cylinder 35.

'wardly extending studs II;5 'when thesemaphore :is 1in raised position, :these istuds, in Fig. 7, Abeing shown Yin As uch engagement, and Ythese brackets .are provided with'inclined approach portions I2I vleading :to the :arcuate `seat .portions |20. The roller race II3Aterminates rshort of the end `of the ,pistonxro'd82.in an abutment `I 22 which limits the movement of the roller in the race.

The tension springs II extendfrom the studs :5.1.5 along "the -sides of the brackets 96 and are secured .at their opposite ends to such brackets las by anchor members l|23, these springs resiliently holding the tongue II-2 inthe piston slot `H3 `and the studs II'5 against the inclined approach `portions I2I of the brackets as the latch Ill'I vis moved upward and the studs .in engagement with the seats :|23 Tof the brackets as latch movement is completed.

IZB is a roller journalled .on a pin 1.23, which roller supports the piston 82 against lateral thrust during operation.

The discharge capacity each ofthe cylinders 35 is suicient to raise the piston SI just far enough to raise the semaphore arm 'I 3 to substantially horizontal position; The capacity of each of the shock absorbers 'l is atleast double the The capacity of the operating cylinder 88 is substantially equal to all four of .the cylinders 35, but only the rsttpart of Ithe stroke of the piston 8| in the cylinder 80 kis effective 'to raise thesemaphore arm. .Beyond this amount of 'raise Vthe nmechanisms interconnecting the piston rod `82 and the Vsemaphore arm, namely, the roller `II8 and the tongue `I'I2 engaging therewith, disengage and permit the #further raise of the piston rod without action ron thearm.

During operation `piston leakage from time to time will probably occur past Athe piston. Should such leakage reach an excessive amount it would be forced on full travel of the piston either upward along the piston rod and caused to' over- Vfiow 'into 4the itank 83 for through the ypipe 84 and similarly overfiow into `this tank. -When the piston descends, .as :return flow occurs through the pipe IB, -it contacts at vthe lower end of its stroke with the stem v88 of the valve 8.5 and Yopens this vvalve allowing return flow from 'the tank 83 through the pipe and 'check valve S'I into the Y chamber '39 and into the `cylinder B to supply any deficiency which might 'otherwise occur `and thereby ypermits #the charge in each of the operating cylinders tobe restored to normal.

The weight ofthe 'piston is insufficient to -open `the `valve '8B if that valve .is properly tensioned to Ainsure actuation of the piston at all times, but as a condition precedent'to the return of the 'piston to the bottomof .the stroke the roller II'S must Kre-engage `with the Yend of the latch II'I, and havinglso 17e-engaged and tripped the latch .thefweight of the |'semaphore yarm acting 'through the toggle 'linkage Vwould 'supply sufficient force to causethisiopening.

Preparatory to use r-the semaphore post 'I2 ris installed adjacent the Vintersecting highway in suchfpositionithat when raised, the semaphore 13 will be visible'from both directions on the intersecting road. Y

The operating mechanisms I4 and related locking mechanisms lI 5 are installed inthe highway several hundred feet away from the intersecting road, the operating mechanisms being positioned to lie across the right hand vvlanes 'of'travel of vehicles approaching :the Vintersecting road 'from both directions. The locking mechanisms .fl-5 are in each case disposed between the actuating mechanisms and the intersecting road in such position that vehicles moving away from the intersecting road will strike them provided they would also strike and operate the actuating mechanism. The casing of the actuating mechanisrn is set substantially flush with the surface of the highway, the construction of the mechanism preferably being such that the top 26 will project a minor amount above such surface. Similarly the housing of the locking mechanism I5 is set substantially flush with the pavement surface, but in this case the top plate is preferably also level with the top of the paving surface and thereby slightly below the top of the operating mechanism. Connection is made from the two operating mechanisms through the expansion chambers 48 and the pipe lines I6 to the semaphore mechanism.

After installation the actuating cylinders and pipe line are completely filled with a liquid, preferably oil, and the overflow tank is also filled With the same liquid.

In use, when a vehicle approaches the intersecting road, unless it be so far to the left of the center of the road as to be entirely on the left hand side, its wheels will strike the top 26 of the operating mechanism in its path and depress this top. If the vehicle be in its proper path all of the wheels will strike this top, but even though it be so far to the left that only the wheels on one side strike the top, action will occur. The wheels striking the top plate depress either one or both of the plungers 36 forcing the liquid from one or both of the cylinders into the shock absorber from which absorber it is forced, by the action of the spring 52, through the related pipe line I6 to the cylinder 80 lof the semaphore operating mechanism. The liquid entering the cylinder 80 forces the piston 8| and the piston rod 82 upward to eect semaphore operation. As the piston rod 82 is moved the roller H8 is likewise carried upward. The roller (Fig. 6) being in engagement with the arcuate seat II'I of the latch tongue ||2 forces the end of the latch directly upward, the end of the latch being held against lateral displacement by the springs IIE. 'I'his upward movement of the latch forces the pin III! outward and upward, swinging the arms B'I outward and upward about the pin 95. Should this movement prove too rapid for the semaphore arms I3 to instantly respond, the detents |03 are disengaged and the movement of the arms 9'! completed by extending the spring |60, the subsequent retraction of this spring causing the semaphore to complete its movement and permitting re-engagement of the detents. The upward movement of the piston rod 82 and the roller I I 8 continue with the roller in engagement with the arcuate seat ||'I until the semaphore arms I3 are fully extended, as shown in Fig. '7, after which the roller may disengage from the arcuate seat and may continue its upward movement without effect on the semaphore, the studs I I5 at such time engaging the seats |26 of the brackets 96 and holding the arms in extended and warning position. Should one only of the cylinders 35 of the actuating mechanism be onerated the displacement of that cylinder is sufficient to accomplish the full raising of the semaphore to horizontal position. Should both cylinders act at the same time and a surplus charge of actuating liquid be delivered the effect would be to continue the movement of the roller II 8 without effect on the semaphore.

and depress that plate.

The liquid discharged from any actuating cylinder 35 flows in major part through the check valve 45 related to such cylinder and return ow through this check valve is prevented. A minor part of the flow may also occur through the needle valve 56 through which return iiow must occur. As soon as the actuating vehicle passes, the spring 4| of the cylinder tends to raise the plunger 36 of such cylinder and to cause the liquid in the pipe lines to refill the cylinder. This return flow to the cylinder is prevented by the check valve 45, but regulated flow does occur through the needle valve 56. As soon as the impulse of theliquid on the operating piston 8| at the semaphore ceases, descent of this piston begins. This flow must occur through the needle valve 56 to the cylinder from which the impulse was given and the opening of this needle valve is so regulated as to permit the piston to descend in a predetermined length of time, which length of time is that time which should elapse after the vehicle passes, before the semaphore arm is released and the signal discontinued.

Assuming that only one of the actuating cylinders 35 is operated, the operating piston 8| raises the roller I I8 only the amount necessary to fully extend the semaphore arm. As this raise is completed the roller still rests on the shoulder formed between the slot I I3 and the raceway IIB-1A, but the longtitudinally extending end of the tongue I I 2 has moved into the slot beneath the roller. As the liquid flows back through the pipe I6 and the needle valve 56 to the actuating cylinder 35 the piston 8| and piston rod 82 slowly descend, leaving the roller ||8 supported by the tongue II2,. As the down stroke of the piston is completed the abutment |22 at the end of the piston rod strikes the roller and causes it, by cam action, on the tongue II2, to disengage the latch studs I I5 from the bracket seats |20, permitting the semaphore arms to drop and move the roller downward to its seat at the lower end of the roller race.

Where both of the cylinders 35 of an actuating mechanism I4 have been depressed, the piston 8| obviously would move upward twice the amount that it would move under the displacement of one cylinder. This action would rst extend the semaphore arm, as above described. to horizontal position, and thereafter the rod would carry the roller with it in its upward movement but without effect on the semaphore. Return flow in such event would be through two needle valves 56 to the two related cylinders and would take place in an identical interval of time as through one needle valve to one actuating cylinder; and this would also be similarly true Were all four actuating cylinders moved at the same time, as by vehicles from two directions, causing the two actions simultaneously.

Ordinarily, a succession of vehicles at spaced intervals, hardly ever equal, strike the operating mechanisms. In instances of this kind it is obvious that partial return flow only has occurred to the actuating cylinders and that the later action could only raise the piston rod 82 the amount that it had dropped. Such action would therefore insure that the pistons would descend and release the semaphore arm at the proper time after such last vehicle had na ssed.

Should a vehicle which has passed the intersecting road be so far out of its proper lane as to pass over the actuating mechanism it must rst strike the plate 64 of the locking mechanism This action through the bell -crank'lever 65`would shift the stop portion beneath the sides -28 dependingfrom thetop 26 of .the actuating mechanism so that this top might not be depressed. 'I'his action would occur prior tothe wheels striking the rtop 26, but these parts areso closely associated-that-a resilient tire, such as the present day tiresof motor vehicles, would stillr be holdingV the plate 64 down when it acted onthe top 26 of the actuating mechanism-and this top being held against depression by the stop 10, action would be prevented. As the weight of the wheels shifts completely from the locking mechanism to the actuating mechanism it is intended that the weight onthe actuating mechanism will be sufficient to prevent the dislodgement ofthe stops from therebeneath until the wheel leaves the actuating mechanism and that therefore no action can occur.

I claim:

1. The combination with a semaphore arm, a` semaphore post, means pivotally vsecuring said arm to said post, an actuating cylinder and piston lassembly carried by said post, means for delivering actuating iiows of liquidto said cylinder, means for regulating return flow therefrom, and means for operably coupling said piston to said arm, said coupling means comprising a piston rodk connected to and extending from said piston into adjacency with said arm, said rod having therealong adjacent 'itsfend an elongated raceway which is closed adjacent said end, and having a slot of less width than said raceway veX- tending therefrom toward said piston, a roller disposed in'l said racewayfan'd 'constrained for movement therealong between sa'id slot and said raceway closure, a toggle comprising a portion of said arm and a latch having one end pivotally engaged to said arm, said latch having its opposite end extending into adjacency with said post, and having a tongue portion adapted to slide in said slot and an adjacent seat portion adapted to contact said roller, resilient means urging said tongue and seat respectively into slot and roller engagement, means carried by said post notched for engagement with the end of said latch, said toggle parts being so proportioned and disposed that upward movement of said roller moves said latch end seated thereon upward, into detaining engagement with said notch, said tongue into position underlying said roller, and said arm into indicating position, and concurrently said seat is disengaged from roller.

2. The combination with a semaphore arm, biased to non-indicating position, a semaphore post, means pivotally securing said arm to said post, an actuating cylinder and piston assembly carried by said post, means for delivering actuating ows of liquid to said cylinder, means for regulating return flow therefrom, and means for operably coupling said piston to said arm, said coupling means comprising a piston rod connected to and extending from said piston into adjacency with said arm, said rod having therealong adjacent its end an elongated raceway which is closed adjacent said end, and having a slot of less width than said raceway extending therefrom toward said piston, a member disposed in said raceway and constrained for movement therealong between said slot and said raceway closure, a toggle comprising a portion of said arm and a latch having one end pivotally engaged to said arm, said latch having its opposite end extending into adjacency with said post, and

currently said seat is disengaged from said member, and said piston rod and piston are ireed for progressively 'further movement under said actuating iicws. i 3. 5 In a warning signal, a semaphore arm, having `a non-indicating 'initial position, and an indicating position and being urged by gravity to return to initial position, means pivotally supporting said arm, an operating cylinder and piston, means connecting'said piston and arm, and adapted to move said arm to indicating'position on actuation Yof said operating piston, means for detaining said arm in indicating position, means for Vdisenga'gingsaid connecting means as said armreaches indicating position, means actuated by return 'of said piston 'to initial position to release said detainingf means and permit return of said arm to initial position, an actuating mechanism including a pair of actuating cylinders and piston assemblies disposed inthe 'line oftravel. of vehicles approaching said semaphore, each said Vassembly being adapted on passage 'of a 'said vehicle to discharge from its'said vcylinder a predetermined charge of liquid, a'tube leading from each said actuating cylinder and a pipe line jointly connecting both said tubes and said operating cylinder, said pipe line including a shock absorbing chamber, check valves each respectively in a said tube and preventing return iiow to a said actuating cylinder, and means each respectively by-passing a said check valve, said bypassing means including means for greatly restricting the rate of return ow relatively to the rate of discharge flow, said operating cylinder having a capacity at least equal to both said actuating cylinders, and each of said actuating cylinders a discharge flow adapted through said operating cylinder to move said arm to indicating position.

4. A highway warning signal and remote mechanism for operating said signal, said mechanism including a irst depressible member in said highway in the line of travel of vehicles approaching said signal, and adapted for operation of said signal, a second depressible member in said highway adjacent said first member and between said rst member and said signal, and means actuated by the passage of a vehicle, moving laway from said signal, over said second member for supporting said first member against operating movement during the subsequent passage of said vehicle thereover.

5. A device in accordance with claim 4 in which said actuated means includes a bell crank lever, and a member slidable thereby into position underlying and supporting said first member.

6. A device in accordance with claim 4 in which said actuating means includes a member movable into a position beneath said depressable member.

'7. A highway warning signal and remote mechanism for operating said signal, said mechanism line of travel of vehicles approaching said signal,

and adapted for operation byV passage of said vehicles, a second means insaid highway adjacent said lrst means and between said rst means and said signal, and means actuated by the passage of a vehicle moving away from said signal, over said second means, for supporting saidrst means against operating movement during the subsequent passage of said vehiclethereover.

8. In a warning signal, a semaphore arm, having a non-indicating initial position, `and an indicating position andbeing biasedto return to initial position, means pivotally supporting said arm, a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder biased to return to initial position, means carried by said piston, and means carried by said arm adapted for engagement with said piston carriedV means to move said arm toward indicating position on actuation of said piston, means, forming part of one of said means, for eii'ecting disengagement of said piston carried, and arm carried, means as said arm reaches indicating position, to permit piston overtravel, means for detaining said arm in indicating position, means actuated by said piston carried means as said piston approaches initial position onreturn movement, for releasing said detaining. means and permitting -return of said arm to initial position; means for originating and transmitting an actuating flow of liquid to said cylinder, and means 'for regulating return ow of said liquid from said cylinder.

9. In a warning signal, a semaphore arm, having a non-indicating initial position, and an indicating position and being biasedto return to initial piston, means pivotally supporting said arm, a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder, biased to return to initial position, means detachably connecting said piston and arm and adapted to move said arm to indicating position on actuation of said piston, means for detainingsaid arm in indicating position, means disconnecting said piston from said armas said arm reaches indicating position, means actuated by said piston as it approaches initial position on return movement, for releasing said detaining means and permitting return of said arm to initial position; means for originating and transmitting an actuating ow of liquid to said cylinder, and means for regulating return ow of said liquid from said cylinder.

10. In a hydraulic semaphore ifor highways, means for creating ow of liquid to said semaphore, including an elongated casing disposed transversely across the line'of travel of vehicles approaching .said semaphore, a pair of actuating cylinder-and-piston assemblies disposed in said casing, respectively adjacent the opposite ends thereof, said casing including a depressible cover supported on said pistons and adapted on passage of a said vehicle to depress at least one said piston and discharge from its related said cylinder an actuating charge of liquid, tubular means establishing operating connection between said cylinders and said semaphore, depressible means disposed in said highway between said semaphore and said casing, in adjacency to said cover and in the path of vehicles moving from said semaphore toward said casing and means, actuated by passage of a vehicle moving away from said seni-- aphore and over said depressible means, for supportingsaid cover against operative depression during the subsequent passage of said vehicle over said cover.

- ROBERT L. COOPER. l

VICTOR REED THOMPSON. 

